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Getting Help at the Command Line

Linux systems have an average of 3,000 commands on them, so it's not feasible to know more than a couple of hundred of the commands well. In this lab, we'll discover how to find out more information about commands and files on the system.

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Lab Info
Level
Beginner
Last updated
Sep 25, 2025
Duration
30m

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Table of Contents
  1. Challenge

    Use Built-In Help and External Help Commands to Find Out More About a Given Command

    Get help for a command

    ls --help
    

    Output the help to a file so it can be searched

    ls --help > lshelp.txt
    

    Scroll through the file:

    less lshelp.txt
    

    Quit out of it by hitting q.

    Find out what will run with ls:

    which ls
    

    See if there are more on the system:

    which -a ls
    

    Find out more information about a command:

    whereis ls
    

    Find out what a command is:

    whatis crontab
    
  2. Challenge

    Use the `man` Command and Related Utilities to Find Out More Information on Desired Commands
    man -f crontab
    

    This will show us the sections.

    man man
    

    There will be a table that shows us the section numbers. Quit out of it by hitting q.

    man -f crontab
    
    man 5 crontab
    

    This takes us to the configuration file format of crontab. Quit out of it by hitting q.

    If we don't know which one we want, enter:

    man -a crontab
    

    It will show us the first one. Quit by hitting q. if we want the next one. Hit Enter.

  3. Challenge

    Investigate Additional Sources of Documentation on the System `tree`
    cd /usr/share/doc/packages
    

    Run the following:

    tree -H '/usr/share/doc/packages' -L 1 --noreport --charset utf-8 > ~/packages_index.html
    

    Note: If tree is not installed, you can install it by running sudo -i zypper in tree.

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