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Managing Packages on Debian and Ubuntu Systems
Managing packages means managing what version of software is available on a Linux distribution. For Ubuntu/Debian Linux distributions, the high-level, `apt`, manages installation, upgrading, and removal automatically. Ubuntu/Debian-based distributions also utilize the low-level tool `dpkg`, which requires resolving dependencies manually. But it provides powerful overrides, queries, and the ability to reconfigure installed packages. During this activity, we will work with `apt` to update, install, and remove packages, since it automatically manages packages required for dependencies. Then we will use the `dpkg` command to query information about installed packages and reconfigure one that is already installed. After completing this activity, we'll have a basic understanding of how manage software packages on Ubuntu/Debian systems.
Lab Info
Table of Contents
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Challenge
Clean the apt Cached Information, Retrieve Latest Information About Available Packages, and Upgrade the System Software
Use the
aptcommand to clean, update and upgrade the system software:sudo -i apt clean apt update apt list --upgradeable apt upgrade -
Challenge
Search for the apache http Package, Install It along with the elinks Package, and Use elinks to Dump the Home Page to /root/index.html
Use the
aptcommand to find theapache httppackage. Install it, and then installelinksto verify operation of the server. Useelinksto output thehttp://localhosthome page to/root/index.htmlapt search 'apache http' apt install apache2 elinksTo just see if the server is up, run this command:
elinks http://localhostWe should see a It works! page. Hit the q key to get back to a command line. Now lets dump that page's output to a text file:
elinks -dump http://localhost > index.html -
Challenge
Show Information about the tzdata Package and Reconfigure That Package
Use the
dpkgcommand to show the information about thetzdata. Usedpkg-reconfigureto adjust the timezone to US/Pacific.dpkg -s tzdata dpkg-reconfigure tzdataOnce we run the
reconfigurecommand, we'll be prompted with thetzdatapackage's configuration window, and we can set the correct time zone.
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