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Implement a Cluster to Reduce Client Read Latency Using MariaDB Galera Cluster and Galera Load Balancer

In this activity you are working as a DBA and have been tasked with configuring a MariaDB Galera Cluster to reduce client read latency. A POC (proof of concept) cluster has been started for you to configure. You will need to install the Galera Load Balancer and configure it appropriately.

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Lab platform
Lab Info
Level
Intermediate
Last updated
Sep 07, 2025
Duration
15m

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Table of Contents
  1. Challenge

    Set the root Database User's Password and Create a Database User Account

    The database nodes are running and connected to the cluster, however the root user's password has not been set. You must first set the root user's password by running the mysql_secure_installation script:

    sudo mysql_secure_installation
    

    Now you can connect to the database as the root user and create a user account:

    mysql -u root -p
    

    Once connected, you can use the following SQL to create a user named remote who is able to log in remotely. Be sure to replace mypasswd with a password of your choice:

    create user remote identified by 'mypasswd';
    grant usage on *.* to 'remote'@'%' identified by 'mypasswd';
    
  2. Challenge

    Install the Prerequisite Packages
    sudo yum -y install git autoconf automake libtool gcc-c++ nmap-ncat        
    
  3. Challenge

    Build the Binaries
    git clone https://github.com/codership/glb
    cd glb
    ./bootstrap.sh
    ./configure
    make
    sudo make install
    
  4. Challenge

    Configure and Start Galera Load Balancer

    First copy the MySQL Watchdog script and Galera Load Balancer service files into place:

    sudo cp /home/cloud_user/glb/files/mysql.sh /usr/local/bin/mysql-check.sh
    sudo cp /home/cloud_user/glb/files/glbd.sh /etc/init.d/glb
    

    We will use the Source Tracking (--source) policy to ensure that connections always go to the same node, reducing client latency:

    sudo vim /etc/sysconfig/glbd
    
    # Address to listen for client connections at. Mandatory parameter.
    # To bind to all interfaces only port should be specified.
    LISTEN_ADDR="10.0.1.100:13306"
    
    # Address for controlling connection. Mandatory part is port.
    # If not specified control socket will not be opened
    CONTROL_ADDR="127.0.0.1:4444"
    
    # Target servers for client connections, space separated.
    # Target specification: IP[:PORT[:WEIGHT]] (WEIGHT and PORT optional)
    # WEIGHT defaults to 1, PORT defaults to LISTEN_ADDR port.
    DEFAULT_TARGETS="10.0.1.100:3306:10"
    
    # Other glbd options if any as they would appear on the command line.
    OTHER_OPTIONS="--source --watchdog exec:'/usr/local/bin/mysql-check.sh -uremote -pmypasswd'"
    

    Start the service:

    
    sudo service glb start
    sudo service glb status
    
  5. Challenge

    Confirm Connections
    mysql -h 10.0.1.100 -P 13306 -u remote -p
    

    Check GLB status to confirm:

    sudo service glb status
    
  6. Challenge

    Test Failover Routing

    Nodes in other regions can be added with a lower weight to provide failover capability:

    sudo service glb add "10.0.1.110:3306:1"
    

    We can then simulate a failure of node0 and test the connection:

    sudo systemctl stop mariadb.service
    mysql -h 10.0.1.100 -P 13306 -u remote -p
    
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