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Managing Packages on Debian and Ubuntu Systems

Managing packages means managing what version of software is available on a Linux distribution. For Ubuntu/Debian Linux distributions, the high-level, `apt`, manages installation, upgrading, and removal automatically. Ubuntu/Debian-based distributions also utilize the low-level tool `dpkg`, which requires resolving dependencies manually. But it provides powerful overrides, queries, and the ability to reconfigure installed packages. During this activity, we will work with `apt` to update, install, and remove packages, since it automatically manages packages required for dependencies. Then we will use the `dpkg` command to query information about installed packages and reconfigure one that is already installed. After completing this activity, we'll have a basic understanding of how manage software packages on Ubuntu/Debian systems.

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Path Info

Level
Clock icon Intermediate
Duration
Clock icon 15m
Last updated
Clock icon Aug 23, 2025

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Table of Contents

  1. Challenge

    Clean the apt Cached Information, Retrieve Latest Information About Available Packages, and Upgrade the System Software

    Use the apt command to clean, update and upgrade the system software:

    sudo -i
    apt clean
    apt update
    apt list --upgradeable
    apt upgrade
    
  2. Challenge

    Search for the apache http Package, Install It along with the elinks Package, and Use elinks to Dump the Home Page to /root/index.html

    Use the apt command to find the apache http package. Install it, and then install elinks to verify operation of the server. Use elinks to output the http://localhost home page to /root/index.html

    apt search 'apache http'
    apt install apache2 elinks
    

    To just see if the server is up, run this command:

    elinks http://localhost
    

    We should see a It works! page. Hit the q key to get back to a command line. Now lets dump that page's output to a text file:

    elinks -dump http://localhost > index.html
    
  3. Challenge

    Show Information about the tzdata Package and Reconfigure That Package

    Use the dpkg command to show the information about the tzdata. Use dpkg-reconfigure to adjust the timezone to US/Pacific.

    dpkg -s tzdata
    dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
    

    Once we run the reconfigure command, we'll be prompted with the tzdata package's configuration window, and we can set the correct time zone.

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